Shingle



N. P. HARSHBERGER SHINGLE Filed Sept. 29, 1931 June29, 1937.

attorney:

Patented June 29, 1937- I UNITED STATES- SHINGLE Norman P. Harshberger,Scarsdale, N. Y., as-

signor to Bakelite Building Products co. Inc., New York, N. Y., acorporation of Delaware Application September 29, 1931, Serial No.565,882

19 Claims.

This invention, relating, as indicated, to a shingle is moreparticularly directed to a shingle of the type known as a compositionshingle. Generally, such shingles are cut from various materials whichare of a flexible fibrous nature, but it is to be understood that theinvention is not confined to such materials and that my improved shinglemay be made from metal, hydraulic cement or the like. It is also to beunderstood that although I refer to the invention as relating to ashingle it may be equally adapted for use as siding.

The shingle contemplated by this invention is a shingle of theinterlocking type, but one which is lacking entirely in slots or slitswhich render most shingles liable to tearing and other destruce tion.Heretofore, a number of interlocking shingles have been provided but inevery instance the interlock takes place at a fixed point on the shingleand allows no variation in the amount of lap, or the point at which theshingle is secured, as by nailing. The shingles of the prior art arefurther objectionable in that where an interlocking shingle was providedin was necessary to turn up a corner and insert the interlockingprojections in a slot, all of which consumed considerable time of theroofer. 7

It is a further object of the invention to provide an interlockingshingle which can be cut from a strip of sheet roofing without anywaste.

The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detailcertain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed meansconstituting, however, but one of the various mechanical forms in whichthe principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing: Fig. l is a plan view taken from above, of anindividual shingle; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a strip of sheet roofingshowing the manner in which the shingle in Fig. l is cut therefrom; Fig.3 is a plan view taken from above of a series of shingles in assembledposition on a roof; Fig. 4 is a plan view of an individual shingle whichis a modification of the shingle shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 2 of the modification, and

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a further modification.

Referring now to the drawing, and especially to Fig. 1, it will be seenthat my improved shingle It) consists of a polygonal body portion havinglongitudinal sides II and I2, which extend in substantially parallelrelation. At one end of the shingle a plane edge I3 connects the edges Hand i2, and at the opposite end an edge of irregular contour is formedconsisting of a main portion l4 having a tab l5 at one end thereof and anotch ii at the other end. The tab I5 is formed by the outer edgeportion II, which is approximately parallel to the end l3, and theinwardly connecting portion l8 extending at an angle to the outer edgel1. At the other corner of the end I4 the'notch I6 is defined by theedge l9 extending substantially parallel with the edge l3 and the edge20 which extends substantially parallel with the edge 18. e

As will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2, the tab and notch defineequal areas and are bounded by edges equal in length, thus providing ameans of cutting the shingles from a strip of material without any wastewhatsoever.

In Fig. 3 I have depicted the manner in which a slight modification ofmy improved shingle is most easily laid. In this figure the dotted line25 represents an imaginary line drawn parallel to the ridge of the roof,and it will be seen that contrary to the usual procedure in the layingof the shingles only one corner touches this line. It will be furthernoted that the edges H and i2 extend at an acute angle to this line, andnot as is customary parallel thereto. The end edges l3 and H, on thecontrary, extend in lines normal to the line 25, and the shingles, asshown, are laid from the left to the right, the first shingle Ill beingheld in place by the nail 24 and the second shingle I0 having its tabportion IS inserted under the edge l2 of the shingle III. It

will readily be appreciated that the tab l5 may be inserted along thelength of the edge l2, and also that the nail 24 may be driven in at anypoint corresponding to the interlock. In this manner the lap is securelyheld and the interlock itself instead of being at the weakest point ofthe shingle takes place at the most secure point.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the shingle is shown as having amain body portion 30, a plane end edge 3|, and an opposite end edge 32which has a tab 40 at one end, and a notch 43 at the opposite end. Inthis instance the longitudinal edge does not form an unbroken line butconsists of an edge 33 and an edge 34 connected by a smaller edge 35. Inlike manner the lower edge connecting the ends consists of the edges 36and connected by the edge 38. The tab 40 is defined by the outer edge 4|which extends approximately parallel to the edges 3|, 32 and 38, and isconnected to the main body portion by the angularly directed edge 42.The notch 43 is defined by an edge 45 substantially parallel to theedges 3 I, 32 and 35 and connected to the outer edge 22 by the edge 44.This shingle can be cut from a strip of without any waste. as

clearly shown in Fig. 5, and when laid, presents a diilerent appearancefrom the shingle N. The tab ll is interlocked at any point along theedge 31 so that again a shingle is provided which can be variablyinterlocked along a plane edge. This shingle, however, is restricted inflexibility of amount of lap but ordinarily it is not desired to overlapmore than one-half of the shingle.

A still further modification of the shingle shown in Fig. 1 is shown inFig. 6, in which the shingle 50 has the general shape of a parallelogramwith side edges 53 and 54 extending substantially parallel." Theremaining edges 5| and I! do not extend in parallel relation because ofthe form of the edge- 52. This edge is directed upwardly into theshingle forming the offset 6| which is defined by the small edges 5!, 56and 51., It will, of course, be understood that the small edge 56 isapproximately parallel to the upper edge 5i. At an adjacent corner ofthe shingle a lug 58 is formed which is adapted to slidably andadjustably interlock with the edge I2. The slot 59 makes this possible.The edge ll of the lug is approximately parallel to the small edge 55 soas to enable the shingle to be cut with less waste. This shingle is laidup reversely to the shingle shown inFig. 3, the roofer starting from theright hand side of the roof and working toward the left.

From the preceding description it will be seen that I have provided ashingle as shown in F'lgs. l,- 3 and 4 which has no slots but "one whichcan be interlocked with an adjacent shingle. It will also be noted thatthe amount of lap can be varied and that the nailing of the shingle canbe varied,'thus providing a means of securing the shingle at theinterlock.. It will further be seen that the shingle can be interlockedwith remarkable ease in sharp distinction to ordinary interlockingshingles where the roofer must carefully insert some sort ofinterlocking projection in a.

slot.

Another important advantage is that the shingles can be laid withoutregard for the joint of the lower course, and that the shingleillustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 can be cut from a small width of sheetroofing without any waste whatever, except that which may occur at thebeginning and end of a strip.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be-employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanismherein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the followingclaims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinct- 1y claim as myinvention:--

1. A shingle havingside edges and end edges, said end edges extending ina'line approximately normal to the ridge, of a roof upon which saidshingle is so laid, and said side edges extending at acute angles tosaid ridge, a tab on one of said edges and a portion of said tabextending under a side edge of an adjacent shingle when laid.

2. A shingle having side edges and end edges, said end edges extendingin a line approximately normal to the ridge of a roof upon which saidshingle is so laid, and said side edges extending at acute angles tosaid ridge, a tab on one oi "said edges and a portion of said tabextending under a side edge of an adjacent shingle when laid, said tabdating in width toward its end.

8. A shingle having side edges and end edges, said end edges extendingin a line appr x mately aosasss normal to the ridge of a roof upon whichsaid shingle is so laid, and said side edges extending 'under a sideedge of an adjacent shingle when laid, and adapted to variably interlockwith said side edge.

4. A shingle having side edges and end edges, said end edges extendingin a line approximately normal to the ridge of a roof upon which saidshingle is so laid, and said side edges extending at acute angles tosaid ridge, a tab on one of said end edges and a portion of said tabextending under a side edge of an adjacent shingle when laid.,

5. A shingle having the general shape of a parallelogram, the lower edgeof said shingle extending inwardly from the right hand side of theshingle to the left side thereof, there being a lug at one corner ofsaid lower edge adapted to interlock with the lower edge of a similarshingle.

6. A shingle having the general shape of a parallelogram, the lower edgeof said shingle extending inwardly from the right hand side of theshingle to the left side thereof, there being a lug at one corner ofsaid lower edge adapted to interlock with the lower edge of a similarshingle, the adjacent comer of said lower edge comprising an oifsetportion having one edge extending approximately parallel with the upperedge of said shingle.

7. A shingle having the general shape of a parallelogram. the lower edgeof said shingle extending inwardly from the right hand side of theshingle to the left-side thereof, there being a lug at one corner ofsaid lower edge adapted to interlock with the lower edge of a similarshingle, said lug being formed by a slot, said slot being co-extensivewith one of the end edges of said shingle.

8. A'shingle having the general shape of a parallelogram, the lower edgeof said shingle extending inwardly from the right hand side of theshingle to the left side thereof, there being a lug at one corner. ofsaid lower edge adapted to variably interlock with the lower edge of asimilar shingle.

9. An assembly of shingles comprising shingles lapped in the samecourse, said shingles having the general shape of a parallelogram andhaving a lower side edge extending at an acute angle to the ridge of aroof upon which said shingles are to be laid, said side edge of one ofsaid shingles having a projecting portion of an adjacent shinglelappedthereunder at any predetermined point along its edge.

10. A surface covering comprising flexible shingles of generallyrectangular form, each of said shingles having a locking tab of similarmaterial to the shingle connected to a weather edge portion at one endthereof and projecting beyond said weather edge portion, each shinglebeing laid with the end edge thereof adjacent said tab laterallyoverlapping the opposite end edge of an adjacentshingle in the samecourse and with said tab engaged with the lower side edge of saidadjacent shingle, with relative adjustment parallel to the course tovary the amount of lap between said adjacent shingles, and said shinglesbeing adapted to be held against displacement by said locking tab anddriven fasdriven fastening means passing through one of 'tening meansadjacent the edge interlock, said the shingles and covered by theadjacent shingle in lapping relation therewith.

11. A surface covering comprising flexible shingles of generallyrectangular form, each of I; said shingles having a locking tab ofsimilar material to the shingle lying substantially in the same plane asthe shingle and extending from amount of lap between shingles, saidoverlapped portion of said adjacent shingle being nailed ad jacent saidinterlock and a portion of said interlocking tab underlying saidadjacent shingle adjoining the lap and held from displacement by thenailed overlapped portion of said adjacent shingle.

12. A surface covering comprising flexible shingles, each of saidshingles having a shaped lower edge and a locking tab at one endthereof, each of said shingles being assembled with the tab end of oneshingle laterally overlapping the opposite end of an adjacent shingle inthe same course and having its tab interlocked with the shaped loweredge of said adjacent shingle, said tab being positioned'at the weathercorner of the shingle, and the shaped lower edges of the shingles in acourse extending obliquely to a line drawn through similar points on theweather corners of the shingles.

13. A shingle comprising a sheet of roofing material having top andbottom-side edges, and end edges, there being a tab projecting from oneof said end edges, said tab having an upwardly extending portion forminga notch with said end edge, and said tab being adapted to interlock atany point along a side edge of an adjacent shingle when laterally lappedtherewith in a longitudinally extending course, said point of interlockbeing determined by the amount of lateral lap.

14. A flexible shingle having opposite end edges and opposite sideedges, said opposite side edges extending generally parallel over theirlength, one of said end edges and the lower side edge constitutingweather edges of the shingle, and there being a locking tab extendingfrom the weather edge portion. at the weather end of the shingle, andsaid lower side edge adjacent said locking tab being setback for aportion of its length and adapted to receive the locking tab ofanadjacent shingle when laid in a longitudinally extendingcourse with theweather end I of said adjacent shingle laterally lapped with said firstmentioned shingle.

15, A flexible shingle having end edges and side edges, ,a locking tabconnected to an edge portion at a lower corner of the shingle, the tabcorner portion of the lower side edge of the shingle said substantiallystraight portion, the amount. of said set-back measured substantiallyperpendicular to said tab corner edge portion being no greater than theextent of the tab measured in the same direction, and said shingle beingadapted to be laid in longitudinally extending courses, with itsend edgeat the tab; lateral- 1y overlapping the opposite end edge of. anadjacent shingle in the same course and with its locking tab engagedwith the set-back edge portion of the adjacent shingle with adjustmentof the overlap between said shingles.

16. A surface covering comprising shingles adapted to be laidinlongitudinally extending courses, each shingle having a locking tabconnected to an edge portion of the shingle and ata lower cornerthereof, and the lower edge of said shingle adjacent the tab cornerportion being set back for a considerable portion of its length, eachshingle being laid with its end edge at the tab laterally overlappingthe opposite end edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course and withits tab engaged with the set-back edge portion of said adjacent shingle,with relative 25 adjustment parallel to the course to vary the amount oflap between said adjacent shingles, said lower edge portions of theshingle at the tab corners lying substantially on a straight line at theedge of the shingle course. 1

1'7. A- shingle element of flexible material having end and side edges,the lower side edge of said shingle being stepped and comprising atleast two substantially long parallel edges in the order of similarlength connected by a short angular edge at their adjacent ends, andsaid shingle having a locking tab extending from an edge portion at oneend of the shingle, said tab being adapted to engage one of the set-backedges of the lower edge of an adjacent shingle laterally lappedtherewith in a longitudinally extending course-with relative; adjustmentalong said edge to vary the amount of overlap between said adjacentshingles.

18. A shingle element of flexible material, said shingle having alocking tab extending from the lower edge portion of the shingle at oneend thereof, and a second tab projecting from the lower shingle edgeportion at the opposite end of the shingle, there being a recess,extending between the tabs, and the lower edges of said tabs beingsubstantially in line, a portion of said locking tab extending upwardlyand adapted to interlock with. the lower edge portion of an adjacentcorresponding shingle in a course of shingles when laid in assembly.

19. A shingle having the general shape of an oblique angleparallelogram, the lower edge of saidshingle having a .projectionadjacent one end and a locking tab projecting adjacent the other end,and said lower edge having a set-back porl tion between said tab andprojection comprising a substantially straight edge joining the said taband projection.

' NORMAN P. HARSHBERGER.

I CERTIFICATE 'OF CORRECTION.

Patent No: 2,085,555.;

June 29, 1937.

" NORMAN P. HARSHBERGER.

"It is hereby certified that error appears iii the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2,

seoend e olum'n, line 3, claim 5,, for "estate" read acute; and. thatthe said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein thatthe same may: conform to the recordl of' the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 21st day of September, A. D. 1937.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of, Patents.

